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info@sparkmyventure.com
support@sparkmyventure.com

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3rd floor D-132 Krishna Apartment Laxmi Nagar New Delhi - 110092.

❊ What is a One Person Company (OPC)?

Thinking about launching your business but don’t have a partner? A One Person Company (OPC) might be the perfect fit. Introduced under the Companies Act, 2013, it allows a single person to run a company with limited liability benefits. It combines the simplicity of a sole proprietorship with the structure and security of a private limited company.

An OPC is treated as a separate legal entity from its owner. This means your personal assets remain protected from business liabilities, offering both freedom and security as you grow your venture.

❊ Key Features of an OPC

    Single Ownership: Just one person owns and runs the company.
  • Mandatory Nominee: You must appoint a nominee who can take over the business in unforeseen circumstances.
  • Limited Liability: Personal assets stay protected. Liability is limited to the company’s share capital.
  • Separate Legal Identity: The company can own property, open bank accounts, and enter contracts in its own name.
  • ‘OPC Private Limited’ Suffix: Adds professionalism and boosts your business credibility.
  • Quick Decision Making: No need for multiple approvals — the owner makes all decisions.
  • Easy Fund Access: Easier to raise loans and avail government benefits than a sole proprietorship.
  • Conversion Rules: OPC must convert to a private limited company if turnover crosses ₹2 crore or paid-up capital exceeds ₹50 lakh.

❊ Advantages of One Person Company Registration

  • Protects Personal Assets: Limits your financial risk to the business investment.
  • Builds Credibility: Using ‘Private Limited’ after your business name enhances market trust.
  • Complete Control: No partner conflicts — make swift decisions and pivot your strategy when needed.
  • Attractive Tax Benefits: Claim deductions on business expenses and pay tax under corporate rates
  • Easier Loan Approvals: Banks and financial institutions prefer dealing with registered companies.
  • Perpetual Existence: Even after the owner’s death, the business continues through a nominee.

❊ Documents Required for OPC Registration in India

For the Owner:
  • PAN Card & Aadhaar Card
  • Passport-sized photo
  • Valid address proof (bank statement/utility bill)
  • Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)

For the Nominee:
  • PAN & Aadhaar Card
  • Passport-sized photo
  • Address proof
  • Nominee consent form

For the Nominee:
  • PAN Card & Aadhaar Card
  • Passport-sized photo
  • Valid address proof (bank statement/utility bill)
  • Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)

❊ How to Register a One Person Company in India

  • Step 1: Reserve a unique company name ending with "(OPC) Private Limited."
  • Step 2: Obtain your DSC (Digital Signature) and DIN (Director Identification Number).
  • Step 3: Draft the MOA (Memorandum of Association) and AOA (Articles of Association).
  • Step 4: Submit forms SPICe+ INC-32, INC-33, and INC-34 via the MCA portal.
  • Step 5: Pay applicable government and stamp duty fees.
  • Step 6: ROC verifies the application and issues your Certificate of Incorporation with a unique CIN.
  • Step 7: Apply for PAN, TAN, open a current account, and register for GST if applicable.

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FAQs on One Person Company Registration

A One Person Company (OPC) is a business structure that allows a single individual to own and manage a company with limited liability benefits under the Companies Act, 2013.

Any Indian citizen, residing in India for at least 182 days in the previous year, can register an OPC.

Yes, naming a nominee is compulsory during OPC registration. The nominee takes over ownership in case of the owner’s death or incapacity.

PAN, Aadhaar, address proof, passport-size photo, DSC for the owner, and similar documents plus a consent letter from the nominee.

Yes, a sole proprietorship can be converted into a One Person Company by following the incorporation procedure under the Companies Act.

GST is mandatory if your business turnover crosses ₹20 lakh (or ₹10 lakh for some states) or if you engage in inter-state supply of goods or services.

An OPC can appoint up to 15 directors, but only one member (owner) is permitted.

OPC registration remains valid perpetually until the company is dissolved or converted into another business structure.

Typically, OPC registration takes 7–12 working days, depending on documentation and approval timelines.

No, an OPC cannot raise capital by issuing shares to the public.

There is no minimum paid-up capital requirement for registering an OPC in India.

If the turnover exceeds ₹2 crore or paid-up capital crosses ₹50 lakh, the OPC must convert into a private limited company.

No, an individual can only own one OPC at a time but can be a nominee in another OPC.

Yes, every OPC must have a registered office address at the time of incorporation.

No, only an Indian resident is eligible to register an OPC.

Yes, OPCs must file annual returns, financial statements, and ROC compliances.

Yes, the nominee can withdraw consent anytime, but a replacement must be appointed immediately.

Yes, either voluntarily or compulsorily after exceeding specified financial thresholds.

Yes, every OPC must get its accounts audited by a Chartered Accountant, regardless of turnover.

OPC offers limited liability, legal recognition, and better tax and financial benefits compared to a sole proprietorship.
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